Sport Pilots and the FAA’s MOSAIC Rule

The FAA’s MOSAIC rule (Modernization of Special Airworthiness Certification) is a significant update that is redefining the landscape for Sport Pilots and Light-Sport Aircraft (LSA). Essentially, it modernizes the 2004 Sport Pilot regulations, removing outdated restrictions and expanding the capabilities of both pilots and aircraft.

What is the MOSAIC Rule?

MOSAIC shifts the LSA definition from being primarily based on a maximum weight limit (previously 1,320 pounds for landplanes) to being based on performance criteria, primarily stall speed. This change allows for larger, more capable, and technologically advanced aircraft to qualify as light-sport.

Key Changes for Light-Sport Aircraft (LSA)

The biggest change is the removal of the rigid weight limit. LSA certification is now primarily limited by performance:

  • Stall Speed: Tha maximum stall speed (Vso in landing configuration) is now increased to 61 knots calibrated airspeed (KCAS).

  • Seating: LSA airplanes can now have up to four seats (previously limited to two).

  • Complexity: Previously prohibited features are now allowed, including:

    • Retractable Landing Gear (with endorsement).

    • Controllable-Pitch Propellers (with endorsement).

    • Higher cruise speeds (up to 250 KCAS).

  • Powerplant: Allows for new propulsion systems, including electric and hybrid.

Expanded Privileges for Sport Pilots

The rule also significantly increases the privileges available to a pilot holding a Sport Pilot certificate. With the proper training and endorsements, a Sport Pilot can now:

  • Fly More Capable Aircraft: Access a broader range of aircraft, including some legacy four-seat aircraft (like certain Cessna 172s or Piper PA-28s) that now qualify as LSA due to the new performance-based criteria.

  • Carry One Passenger: Although the aircraft may have four seats, a Sport Pilot remains limited to carrying only one passenger (pilot plus one).

  • Night Flying: With an endorsement, a Sport Pilot can no fly at night, provided they hold at least a BasicMed or 3rd Class Medical Certificate (daytime flying still only requires a valid driver’s license, provided the pilot has no prior medical denial).

  • Complex Features: Fly LSA with features like retractable landing gear and controllable-pitch propellers after receiving the necessary endorsements

  • Limited Commercial Operations: Perform certain aerial work for compensation, such as agricultural surveillance or infrastructure inspection, with the appropriate authorization.

When Does MOSAIC Take Effect?

  • Changes related to Sport Pilot privileges and the ability to fly existing aircraft under the new LSA standards took effect in October 2025.

  • Changes effecting the airworthiness certification of new light-sport category aircraft (allowing manufacturers to begin building the next generation of LSA) will take effect in July 2026.

For more information regarding MOSAIC, visit EAA’s MOSAIC webpage.